Description
Thymagen (also known chemically as the EW dipeptide, Thymogen, or IM862) is a synthetic short peptide research reagent corresponding to a naturally occurring bioregulator originally isolated from the thymus gland. It is chemically distinct due to its dipeptide structure, which allows it to act as an intracellular signaling molecule and a regulator of gene expression. Researchers employ this molecule to investigate the modulation of innate cell-mediated immunity, specifically exploring its influence on TLR/RLR signaling mechanisms during viral infections such as COVID-19, as well as its specific antiangiogenic properties in experimental models of metastatic carcinoma.
Biochemical Characteristics
- Sequence/Structure: Peptide (2 amino acids); L-alpha-glutamyl-L-tryptophan (Glu-Trp or EW dipeptide).
- Permeability: Investigated for systemic distribution and cellular uptake by immune effector cells, including T-lymphocytes and macrophages.
- Stability: Supplied as a lyophilized salt to ensure long-term stability and prevent hydrolytic degradation during storage.
- Specificity: Highly specific immunomodulator functioning via the activation of TLR/RLR signaling pathways, targeted gene expression regulation, and selective inhibition of tumor-associated angiogenesis.
Chemical Properties
| Property |
Specification |
| Molecule Name |
Thymagen |
| Synonyms |
Thymogen; IM862; Oglufanide; EW Dipeptide; L-alpha-Glutamyl-L-tryptophan |
| PubChem CID |
100094 |
| Molecular Formula |
C16H19N3O5 |
| Molecular Weight |
333.34 g/mol |
| Form |
Lyophilized Powder |
| Purity |
99% (Verified via HPLC) |
| Solubility |
Soluble in water and aqueous buffers (refer to SDS) |
| Documentation |
COA and SDS available per lot |
Thymagen is strictly for laboratory research and is commonly employed in the following investigational areas:
Viral Pathogenesis and COVID-19 Models
Research models utilize Thymagen to evaluate its efficacy in modulating the immune response during severe viral infections. Investigations focus on the peptide’s effects on gene expression and protein synthesis involved in the pathogenesis of COVID-19, quantifying its ability to regulate immune status and mitigate severe disease progression in aged cohorts.
Oncology and Antiangiogenesis
Experimental protocols employ this dipeptide (often designated as IM862) to characterize its anti-tumor and antiangiogenic properties. Studies assess its mechanisms of action in limiting vascular network formation within tumor microenvironments, particularly in models of metastatic renal cell carcinoma.
Immunomodulation and TLR/RLR Signaling
In broader immunological research, Thymagen is used to study the molecular aspects of immunocorrection. Researchers evaluate how short peptides influence signaling through Toll-like and RIG-I-like receptors (TLR/RLR), maintaining tissue homeostasis and enhancing the organism’s innate cell-mediated immune defense.
Pathway / Mechanistic Context
The primary mechanism of action for Thymagen in research settings involves its function as a short dipeptide bioregulator capable of penetrating cells to modulate gene transcription and innate immune pathways.
- TLR/RLR Signaling Activation: Modulates Toll-like and RIG-I-like receptor pathways to enhance innate immune recognition and response against viral pathogens.
- Gene Expression Regulation: Interacts at the chromatin level to regulate the synthesis of cytokines, heat-shock proteins, and specific lymphocyte differentiation factors involved in immunocorrection.
- Antiangiogenic Modulation: Inhibits growth factor-driven pathways (such as VEGF) responsible for neovascularization, thereby restricting tumor angiogenesis.
Preclinical Research Summary
Published preclinical and translational literature documents investigations of Thymagen (and its related peptide complexes) across various experimental models focusing on virology and oncology.
- In models of severe viral infection, the EW dipeptide demonstrated a profound capacity to regulate gene expression and protein synthesis, directly influencing the pathogenesis and immune status in older COVID-19 cohorts.
- Research indicates that Thymagen preparations significantly upregulate TLR/RLR signaling mechanisms, highlighting their role in robust immunomodulation.
- Studies on metastatic renal cell carcinoma have characterized the specific antiangiogenic and anti-tumor molecular aspects of the agent IM862.
- Broader investigations emphasize the utility of such dipeptides for targeted immunocorrection and the restoration of systemic cellular immunity.
Form & Analytical Testing
- Solid-Phase Peptide Synthesis
- Lyophilization
- Identity Verification: Mass Spectrometry (MS) to confirm molecular weight and identity.
- Purity Verification: High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) is performed to ensure the product meets the purity standard.
Referenced Citations
References are provided for informational purposes only and are not clinical claims.
- T. M. Sokolova, V. V. Poloskov, A. N. Shuvalov, O. S. Burova, and Z. A. Sokolova, “Signaling TLR/RLR-mechanisms of immunomodulating action of ingavirin and thymogen preparations,” Publishing House ABV Press, Apr. 2019. doi: 10.17650/1726-9784-2019-18-1-60-66. https://doi.org/10.17650/1726-9784-2019-18-1-60-66
- V. Kh. Khavinson, N. S. Linkova, N. I. Chalisova, and O. M. Ivko, “The Use of Thymalin for Immunocorrection and Molecular Aspects of Biological Activity,” Pleiades Publishing Ltd, Jul. 2021. doi: 10.1134/s2079086421040046. https://doi.org/10.1134/s2079086421040046
- N. Linkova et al., “The Influence of KE and EW Dipeptides in the Composition of the Thymalin Drug on Gene Expression and Protein Synthesis Involved in the Pathogenesis of COVID-19,” MDPI AG, Aug. 2023. doi: 10.3390/ijms241713377. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241713377
- G. Deplanque et al., “Phase II trial of the antiangiogenic agent IM862 in metastatic renal cell carcinoma,” Springer Science and Business Media LLC, Oct. 2004. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6602126. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bjc.6602126
- B. Kuznik et al., “Peptide Drug Thymalin Regulates Immune Status in Severe COVID-19 Older Patients,” Pleiades Publishing Ltd, Oct. 2021. doi: 10.1134/s2079057021040068. https://doi.org/10.1134/s2079057021040068
RESEARCH USE ONLY
This product is intended strictly for laboratory research use only. It is not for human or veterinary use. It is not intended for diagnosis, treatment, cure, or prevention of any disease. All purchases are subject to our Terms of Service and Purity Guarantee.
No COAs available for this product.
Reviews
There are no reviews yet.