Description
CJC 1295 w/ DAC is a synthetically modified tetrasubstituted research reagent derived from the endogenous 29-amino-acid sequence of Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone (GHRH). It is chemically distinct from short-acting GHRH analogues due to the addition of a C-terminal maleimidopropionamide moiety, known as a Drug Affinity Complex (DAC). This modification is designed to resist enzymatic degradation by dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) and covalently bond to endogenous serum albumin, significantly enhancing its circulatory half-life. Researchers utilize this molecule to investigate the sustained activation of the anterior pituitary, the metabolic consequences of chronically elevated basal growth hormone (GH) and Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1) levels, and the preservation of natural neuroendocrine pulsatility under continuous receptor stimulation.
Biochemical Characteristics
- Sequence/Structure: Peptide; Tetrasubstituted GHRH(1-29) analogue covalently linked via the C-terminus to a maleimidopropionyl Drug Affinity Complex (DAC).
- Receptor Affinity: Binds specifically and with high affinity to the growth hormone-releasing hormone receptor (GHRHR) on pituitary somatotrophs, facilitating robust neuroendocrine interactions.
- Stability: Supplied as a lyophilized salt to ensure long-term stability. The DAC modification facilitates albumin conjugation in vivo, resisting rapid proteolytic cleavage and drastically increasing its half-life to approximately 6 to 8 days compared to unmodified peptides.
- Specificity: Highly specific stimulator of anterior pituitary somatotrophs, acting primarily to promote steady-state growth hormone secretion and secondary hepatic IGF-1 expression.
Chemical Properties
| Property |
Specification |
| Molecule Name |
CJC 1295 w/ DAC |
| Synonyms |
DAC-GRF; CJC-1295; Tetrasubstituted GRF (1-29) with DAC |
| Molecular Formula |
$C_{152}H_{252}N_{44}O_{42}$ |
| Molecular Weight |
$3367.97~g/mol$ |
| Form |
Lyophilized Powder |
| Purity |
99% (Verified via HPLC) |
| Solubility |
Soluble in water and aqueous buffers (refer to SDS) |
| Documentation |
COA and SDS available per lot |
CJC 1295 w/ DAC is strictly for laboratory research and is commonly employed in the following investigational areas:
Sustained Somatotropic Activation
Research models utilize this modified peptide to evaluate continuous GHRHR activation. Investigations focus on the dose-dependent, prolonged increase in GH and IGF-1 area-under-the-curve (AUC) over multi-day periods, eliminating the variable peaks and valleys associated with short-acting secretagogue administration.
Pulsatility and Trough Dynamics
Experimental protocols employ the molecule to characterize its effects on neuroendocrine rhythms. Studies assess how continuous receptor stimulation impacts physiological GH pulsatility, mapping the phenomenon where basal (trough) GH levels are markedly elevated while the natural frequency and amplitude of GH secretory pulses remain preserved.
Metabolic Flux and Lipolysis
In physiological research, CJC 1295 w/ DAC is used to study the metabolic impact of chronic GH elevation. Researchers evaluate its effects on cellular energy homeostasis, specifically measuring its ability to drive lipid droplet mobilization, nitrogen balance, and whole-body energy expenditure during prolonged periods of elevated IGF-1.
Pathway / Mechanistic Context
The primary mechanism of action for CJC 1295 w/ DAC in research settings involves its ability to form an active bioconjugate in systemic circulation and provide continuous somatotropic stimulation.
- Albumin Bioconjugation: Upon entering circulation, the reactive DAC moiety covalently bonds to the free thiol group (Cys34) of serum albumin, creating a highly stable, long-acting macromolecular complex.
- Receptor Activation: The active GHRH(1-29) portion of the complex binds to the GHRHR on the anterior pituitary, stimulating adenylate cyclase and increasing intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP) to promote GH vesicle exocytosis.
- Sustained Endocrine Flux: Functions to induce a steady-state elevation of circulating GH and downstream hepatic IGF-1 production without inducing rapid receptor desensitization, ensuring a prolonged biological response.
Preclinical Research Summary
Published preclinical literature documents the extensive investigation of CJC-1295 w/ DAC across diverse experimental models focusing on pharmacokinetics, neuroendocrinology, and metabolic flux.
- In pharmacokinetic models, the bioconjugation of the peptide extended its half-life from under 10 minutes to approximately 5.8 to 8.1 days.
- Investigations into endocrine output demonstrated that a single administration increased mean plasma GH concentrations by 2- to 10-fold for over 6 days.
- Secondary biomarker tracking revealed that sustained GH elevation subsequently elevated IGF-1 levels by 1.5- to 3-fold for 9 to 11 days.
- High-frequency sampling models confirmed that continuous receptor stimulation by CJC-1295 markedly increased basal GH levels (up to 7.5-fold) while leaving the natural biological rhythm of GH secretory pulses completely unaltered.
Form & Analytical Testing
- Solid-Phase Peptide Synthesis and Terminal Modification
- Lyophilization
- Identity Verification: Mass Spectrometry (MS) to confirm molecular weight and identity.
- Purity Verification: High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) is performed to ensure the product meets the purity standard.
Referenced Citations
References are provided for informational purposes only and are not clinical claims.
- Jetté, L., Léger, R., Thibaudeau, K., Benquet, C., Robitaille, M., Pellerin, I., Paradis, V., van Wyk, P., Pham, K., & Bridon, D. P. (2005). Human growth hormone-releasing factor (hGRF)1-29-albumin bioconjugates activate the GRF receptor on the anterior pituitary in rats: identification of CJC-1295 as a long-lasting GRF analog. Endocrinology, 146(7), 3052–3058. https://doi.org/10.1210/en.2004-1286
- Teichman, S. L., Neale, A., Lawrence, B., Gagnon, C., Castaigne, J. P., & Frohman, L. A. (2006). Prolonged stimulation of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor I secretion by CJC-1295, a long-acting analog of GH-releasing hormone, in healthy adults. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 91(3), 799–805. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2005-1536
- Ionescu, M., & Frohman, L. A. (2006). Pulsatile secretion of growth hormone (GH) persists during continuous stimulation by CJC-1295, a long-acting GH-releasing hormone analog. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 91(12), 4792–4797. https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2006-1702
RESEARCH USE ONLY
This product is intended strictly for laboratory research use only. It is not for human or veterinary use. It is not intended for diagnosis, treatment, cure, or prevention of any disease. All purchases are subject to our Terms of Service and Purity Guarantee.
No COAs available for this product.
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